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The worlds of the Micro y Macro Cosm
| Relativety of Scale |
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| Map of the Universe |
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| Life on planet earth |
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The Macrocosm
mirror the Microcosm The spinning atoms in Hafnium Carbide Crystals "lock
together" in the same stable geometric shape as the face of the crystals.
I think the word is
Resonate in Harmony. The light of knowledge, enlighten the dark matter. See the Magic world of the Living. All Life with the Double Helix structure is the sacred Creator of all.
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| ngc3132 |
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It is within Human
Capacity to gain control, and flip-flop Photons and Electrons
where we want them to be. At speeds of 100gigas/sec. To gain control of everything within
our Starship Helios. Meaning all that Dark Uncontroled Asteroids floating out there as indicated in image
below on the right. In control of all the
Mass - meaning to be in control of all the Kinetic Energy and aply to our advantage as Logica indicates.
| uncontroled dark matter floating out there |
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| Infrared radiation from Asteroids |
Meaning literally to gain and maintain control of every Planet, asteroid, meteorite, rock or ice-block. Evry Newton of kinetic energy out there. As can be seen in this Image
on the Right. . Must be under control and directed to our advantage.
| Ethereal fluorescent Auras |
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| Ethereal Auras of Real Living Creatures |
Intelligent Reason is the Logica to
indicate where everything should go. Intelligence
is seated here on mother earth from where it will expand into alternative Life forms of our making. To explore the Universe as if with our own eyes - looking deeper into Visual time, under our control. Light is Life's Energy and Reflected Light
a Visual source for memory Intelligence is know how to interpret all detail in this visual world. Have insight into the Whole Story
which is the Scope and extend of all reflected light. We are Children of Light it is the essence of everything we eat entwined in the DNA
of our genetic make-up. Reflected Light Spin Energy
is the content of this memory. It is all about
Vision - connected at the speed of thought.
| Guided Targeting |
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The constellation of all proteins in a cell
is called its proteome. Unlike the relatively unchanging genome, the dynamic proteome changes from minute to minute in response to tens of thousands of intra -and extracellular environmental
signals.
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| Cell Structures leaf section |
A protein's chemistry and behavior are determined by the gene sequence and
by the number and identities of other proteins made in the same cell at the same time and with which it associates and reacts.
Studies to explore protein structure and activities, known as proteomics,
will be the focus of much research for decades to come and will elucidate the nutrient-sensing systems,
molecular
basis of health and disease.
| DNA Double Helix Stained in Blue |
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The genome is an organism's complete set of DNA. Genomes vary widely in size: The smallest known genome for a free-living organism (a bacterium) contains about 600,000 DNA base pairs, while human and mouse genomes have some 3 billion Except for mature red blood cells, all human cells contain a complete genome ready
to be Cloned.
 The DNA in each human cell is packaged into
46 chromosomes arranged
into 23 pairs. Each chromosome is a physically separate molecule of DNA that ranges in length from about 50 million to 250 million base pairs. A few types of major chromosomal abnormalities, including
missing or extra copies or gross breaks and rejoining (translocations), can be detected by microscopic examination. Most changes in DNA, however, are more subtle and require a closer analysis of the DNA
molecule to find perhaps single-base differences. Each chromosome contains many genes,
the basic physical and functional units of heredity. Genes are specific sequences of bases that encode instructions
on how to make proteins. Genes comprise only about 2% of the human genome; the remainder consists of non coding regions,
whose functions may include providing chromosomal structural integrity and regulating
where, when, and in what quantity proteins are made. The human genome is estimated to contain
some 25,000 genes.
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| Interior structure of a cell |
Basics
on DNA Research.Over the next decade, as molecular biologists
tackle the task of sequencing the human genome on a massive scale, any number of innovations can be expected in mapping and
sequencing technologies. But several of the central tools of molecular genetics are likely to stay with us -- much improved
perhaps, but not fundamentally different. One
such tool is the class of DNA-cutting proteins known as restriction enzymes. These enzymes, the first of
which were discovered in the late 1960s, cleave double-stranded DNA molecules at specific recognition
sites, usually four or six nucleotides long. For example, a restriction enzyme called EcoRI recognizes the
single-strand sequence GAATTC and invariably cuts the double helix as shown in the illustration futher down on the left. When digested
with a particular restriction enzyme, then, identical segments of human DNA yield identical sets of restriction fragments.
On the other hand, DNA from the same genomic region of two different people, with their subtly different genomic sequences,
can yield dissimilar sets of fragments, which then produce different patterns when sorted according to size.
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| unhealthy cell undergoing apoptosis about to be cleaned up by a macrophage |
This leads directly to discussion of a second
essential tool of modern molecular genetics, gel electrophoresis, for it is by electrophoresis that
DNA fragments of different sizes are most often separated. In classical gel electrophoresis, electrically charged macromolecules are caused to migrate through
a polymeric gel under the influence of an imposed static electric field. In time the molecules sort themselves by size, since
the smaller ones move more rapidly through the gel than do larger ones.
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| Malaria in the blood stream |
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| Dna Research Gel electrophoresis |
In
1984 a further advance was made with the invention of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, in which the strength and direction
of the applied field is varied rapidly, thus allowing DNA strands of more than 50,000 base pairs to be separated. A third necessary tool is some means of DNA "amplification." The classic
example is the cloning vector, which may be circular DNA molecules derived from bacteria or from bacteriophages
(virus like parasites of bacteria), or artificial chromosomes constructed from yeast or bacterial genomic DNA. The characteristic all these vectors share is that
fragments of "foreign" DNA can be inserted into them, whereby the inserted DNA is replicated along with the rest
of the vector as the host reproduces itself.
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| Nanoparticles target cancer cells |
A yeast artificial
chromosome, or YAC, for instance, is constructed by assembling the essential functional parts of a natural yeast
chromosome -- DNA sequences that initiate replication, sequences that mark the ends of the chromosomes, and sequences required
for chromosome separation during cell division -- then splicing in a fragment of human DNA. This engineered chromosome is
then reinserted into a yeast cell, which reproduces the YAC during cell division, as if it were part of the yeast's normal
complement of chromosomes. The result is a colony of yeast cells, each containing a copy, or clone, of the same fragment of
human DNA. One of the important achievements of the Human Genome Project has been to establish several libraries of such cloned
fragments, using several different vectors (bacterial artificial chromosomes, P1 phages, and P1-derived cloning systems),
that cover the entire human genome.
| Free Radicals |
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| The function of the Mitochondria and free radicals |
Another
way of amplifying DNA is the polymerase chain reaction, or PCR. This enzymatic replication technique requires
that initiators, or PCR primers, be attached as short complementary strands at the ends of the separated DNA fragments to
be replicated. An enzyme then completes the synthesis of the complementary strands, thus doubling the amount of DNA originally
present. Again and again, the strands can be separated and the polymerase reaction repeated -- so effectively, in fact, that
DNA can be amplified (replicate) by 100,000-fold in less than three hours.
| Replication of stem cells |
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| Culture of Stem cells |
When a clone library can be ordered -- that is,
when the relative positions on the human chromosomes can be established for all the fragments -- one then has the perfect
resource for achieving the project's central goal, sequencing the human genome. How the sequencing is actually done can
be illustrated by the most popular method in current use, the Sanger procedure, which is depicted schematically above. The
first step is to prime each identical DNA strand in a preparation of cloned fragments. The preparation is then divided into
four portions, each of which contains a different reaction-terminating nucleotide, together with the usual reagents for replication.
In one batch, the replication reaction always produces complementary strands that end with A; in another, with G; and so on.
Gel electrophoresis is used to sift the resulting products according to size, allowing one to infer the exact nucleotide sequence
for the original DNA strand.
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